Sofia Gubaidulina

Sofia Asgatovna Gubaidulina is a Soviet-Russian composer and an established international figure. Born in Chistopol, she studied composition and piano at the Kazan Conservatory and later at the Moscow Conservatory. Her spiritual beliefs are deeply reflected in her music, which often explores the unity of the divine and emphasizes micro-chromaticism and glissandi as means of expression. Known for her unique instrumental combinations and intense chromatic motifs, Gubaidulina has been an influential figure in contemporary classical music【27†source】【38†source】【39†source】【40†source】.